What is the causative?
û
We use a causative verb when we want to talk
about something that someone else did for us or for another
person.
û
Maybe we paid,
or asked, or persuaded the
other person to do it.
For example:
|
Form
|
Past Simple
(Active)
|
Past Simple
Causative form
|
|
example
|
I cleaned my house.
|
I had my house cleaned.
|
|
Meaning
|
This means I cleaned it
myself
|
If I paid someone to
clean it
|
 |
 |
What is the
rule for the causative?
Subject + have
+ object + past
participle
I have my car washed.
We can use the causative
with all the English tenses, for example:
|
Present Simple
|
Subject + has/have + object +
past participle
|
|
I usually have my car washed in the evening.
|
|
|
Past Simple
|
Subject + had + object + past participle
|
|
I had my car washed yesterday.
|
|
|
Present Perfect
|
Subject + has/have + had + object + past participle
|
|
I have just had my car washed.
|
|
|
Past Perfect
|
Subject + had + had + object + past participle
|
|
I had had my car washed by 5 o'clock.
|
|
|
Present Progressive
|
Subject + is/am/are + having +
object + past
participle
|
|
I am having my car washed now.
|
|
|
Past Progressive
|
Subject + was/were + having +
object + past
participle
|
|
I was having my car washed yesterday at 5 o'clock.
|
|
|
Future Will
|
Subject + will + have + object + past participle
|
|
I will have my car washed tomorrow.
|
|
|
Model Verbs
|
Subject + model verbs + have +
object + past
participle
|
|
I must have my car washed.
|
Note:
û
We can
use Time Expressions with causative form:
û
Get +
object + past participle (get something done)
We can also use (subject + get + object + past participle).
This
has the same meaning as 'have' but is less formal.
Examples:
ü
The students get
their essays checked.
ü
I'll get
my hair cut
next week.
ü
He got
his washing machine fixed.
Negative and
Yes/No Questions:
We use axillaries (
helping Verbs) to form the negative and Yes/No Questions.
For Example:
ü
Do you have your car washed?
ü
I don't have
my car washed.
Watch
